Photoelectric conversion

When the sun shines on a solar panel, the semiconductor material in the panel absorbs the photon energy, making the electrons jump from the valence band to the conduction band, forming an electron-hole pair. At the P-N junction of the solar cell, the built-in electric field separates electrons and holes, with electrons drawn to the N-type semiconductor side and holes drawn to the P-type semiconductor side. The separated electrons and holes flow in the outer circuit, forming an electric current that converts light energy into direct current.

Charge control

The solar controller will control and manage the electricity output from the solar panel. When the light is sufficient, on the one hand, the electricity generated by the solar panel is directly transmitted to the load for load use; On the other hand, the excess electrical energy is transferred to the battery for storage. During the charging process, the controller will monitor and control the charging voltage and current of the battery to prevent the battery from overcharging.

Stored energy

The battery stores the electricity emitted by the solar panel when there is light, and then releases it when needed to ensure that the system can supply power normally in rainy days or when there is no light.

inverse

If you need to provide power to 220VAC appliances, you need to use a DC-AC inverter to convert the DC power emitted by the solar power system into AC power to meet the power needs of the AC load.